buy custom Business Ethics essay

buy custom Business Ethics essay One of the principles of Caltex was that they needed to expand their business globally. They wanted to penetrate in the African market. In this case, they had to make a business deal with government of South Africa. In order to conduct this business deal they had to follow the South African law and use the correct method. The principles for the South African government were that Caltex should provide them with one thousand dollars and jobs for the South African citizens. The two parties struck a deal and the Caltex is among the leading companies globally and in the African market. I tend to believe that the best principles for this case are the Caltex Company following the South African law. Additionally, I think the South African principle for the job opportunities for its people is the best. This is because the South African country needs the economy of the country. Additionally, the Caltex Company did the most ethical thing to follow the normal protocol followed by other foreign companies that wanted to invest in South Africa. This shows that both parties have corporate social responsibility. In the world of mrketing, companies employ different strategies in order to gain the competitive advantage. It is even more distinct for companies that do produce the same product. For example, in the case, food companies have distinct marketing strategies as compared to those of drug companies. The food companies use advertisements and pamphlets as their marketing strategies but the drug companies only use advertisements. For instance, when Formula Company tried to use panaflex their sales went down and the company was under a lot of criticism. This means that drug companies only use advertisements as there marketing strategies as compared to the food companies. Price fixing is one of the marketing strategies where companies set prices for their products (Velasquez, 2006). In the case of telecommunication companies, they set prices on their products in order to attract their customers. There are ethical implications in the prices fixing of the different prices. For instance, when the companies set high prices for their products they may harm the society because they are over charging them. In this case, the company may be seen as if they are exploiting the society by overcharging them thus it is unethiical. On the other hand, when the companies set law prices for their products they may harm themselves because they might not make any profits thus running at a loss. It is important for the companies to consider the society and at the same time consider themselves so that they cannot harm themselves. In the case of Clarence Burk, his marketing strategies were ethical because he was considering the society and at the same time considering the c ompany. Unlimited goods simply mean that the goods are readily available or there are in abundance. Carrying capacity is the total amount of goods in the marketing. For instance, air is referred to as unlimited goods by the companies because air has a huge carrying capacity. Air pollution is common with companies because they fail to consider the society. Unlimited goods and carrying capacity are closely related to pollution control in the sense that when the unlimited goods like air are mismanaged they deteriorate slowly causing pollution. Therefore, in order for companies to have ethics they must consider the society by protecting the environment thus creating a relationship between unlimited goods and carrying capacity (Velasquez, 2006). Buy custom Business Ethics essay

How to Use the Command Line to Run Ruby Scripts

How to Use the Command Line to Run Ruby Scripts Before really starting to use Ruby, you need to have a basic understanding of the command line. Since most Ruby scripts wont have graphical user interfaces, youll be running them from the command line. Thus, youll need to know, at the very least, how to navigate the directory structure and how to use pipe characters (such as |,   and ) to redirect input and output. The commands in this tutorial are the same on Windows, Linux, and OS X. To start a command prompt on Windows, go to Start - Run. In the dialog that appears, enter cmd into the input box and press OK.To start a command prompt on Ubuntu Linux, go to Applications - Accessories - Terminal.To start a command prompt on OS X, go to Applications - Utilities - Terminal. Once youre at the command line, youll be presented with a prompt. Its often a single character such as $ or #. The prompt may also contain more information, such as your username or your current directory. To enter a command  all you need to do is type in the command and hit the enter key. The first command to learn is the cd command, which will be used to get to the directory where you keep your Ruby files. The command below will change directory to the \scripts directory. Note that on Windows systems, the backslash character is used to delimit directories but on Linux and OS X, the forward slash character is used. C:\rubycd \scripts Running Ruby Scripts Now that you know how to navigate to your Ruby scripts (or your rb files), its time to run them. Open your text editor and save the following program as  test.rb. #!/usr/bin/env ruby    print What is your name? name gets.chomp puts Hello #{name}! Open a command line window and navigate to your Ruby scripts directory using the  cd  command. Once there, you can list files, using the  dir  command on Windows or the  ls  command on Linux or OS X. Your Ruby files will all have the .rb file extension. To run the test.rb Ruby script, run the command  ruby test.rb. The script should ask you for your name and greet you. Alternatively, you can configure your script to run without using the Ruby command. On Windows, the  one-click installer  already set up a file association with the .rb file extension. Simply running the command  test.rb  will run the script. In Linux and OS X, for scripts to run automatically, two things must be in place: a shebang line and the file being marked as executable. The shebang line is already done for you; its the first line in the script starting with  #!. This tells the shell what type of file this is. In this case, its a Ruby file to be executed with the Ruby interpreter. To mark the file as executable, run the command  chmod x test.rb. This will set a file permission bit indicating that the file is a program and that it can be run. Now, to run the program, simply enter the command  ./test.rb. Whether you invoke the Ruby interpreter manually with the Ruby command or run the Ruby script directly is up to you. Functionally, they are the same thing. Use whichever method you feel most comfortable with. Using Pipe Characters Using the pipe characters is an important skill to master, as these characters will alter the input or output of a Ruby script. In this example, the  Ã‚  character is used to redirect the output of test.rb to  a text file  called test.txt instead of printing to the screen. If you open new test.txt file after you run the script, youll see the output of the test.rb Ruby script. Knowing how to save output to a .txt file can be very useful. It allows you to save program output for careful examination or to be used as input to another script at a later time. C:\scriptsruby example.rb test.txt Similarly, by using the  Ã‚  character instead of the  Ã‚  character you can redirect any input a Ruby script may read from the keyboard to read from a .txt file. Its helpful to think of these two characters as funnels; youre funneling output to files and input from files. C:\scriptsruby example.rb Then theres the pipe character,  |. This character will funnel the output from one script to the input of another script. Its the equivalent of funneling the output of a script to a file, then funneling the input of a second script from that file. It just shortens the process. The  |  character is useful in creating filter type programs, where one script generates unformatted output and another script formats the output to the desired format. Then the second script could be changed or replaced entirely without having to modify the first script at all. C:\scriptsruby example1.rb | ruby example2.rb The Interactive Ruby Prompt One of the great things about Ruby is that its test-driven. The interactive Ruby prompt provides an interface to the Ruby language for instant experimentation. This comes in handy while learning Ruby and experimenting with things like regular expressions. Ruby statements can be run and the output and return values can be examined immediately. If you make a mistake, you can go back and edit your previous Ruby statements to correct those mistakes. To start the IRB prompt, open your command-line and run the  irb  command. Youll be presented with the following prompt: irb(main):001:0 Type the  hello world  statement weve been using into the prompt and hit Enter. Youll see any output the statement generated as well as the return value of the statement before being returned to the prompt. In this case, the statement output Hello world! and it returned  nil. irb(main):001:0 puts Hello world! Hello world! nilf irb(main):002:0 To run this command again, simply press the up key on your keyboard to get to the statement you previously ran and press the Enter key. If you want to edit the statement before running it again, press the left and right arrow keys to move the cursor to the correct place in the statement. Make your edits and press Enter to run the new command. Pressing up or down additional times will allow you to examine more of statements youve run. The interactive Ruby tool should be used throughout learning Ruby. When you learn about a new feature or just want to try something, start up the interactive Ruby prompt and try it. See what the  statement  returns, pass  different parameters  to it and just do some general experimenting. Trying something yourself and seeing what it does can be a lot more valuable than just reading about it!

My Driving Experience Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

My Driving Experience - Essay Example I was driving with my dad to the beach on a hot summer day when our car got stuck in traffic. It was a holiday and, thus, most of the people were out. Our car was at a signal. On green light, the driver in front of our car did not move. My dad has always been very short-tempered but, still, he kept his nerves. We got out of the car, and went to the driver. I saw that he was trying to grab his cell phone from the back seat that his kid has thrown there. â€Å"Excuse me! The signal is green from ages. Will you mind moving?† My dad asked him. â€Å"Yes, I will mind moving until I grab my phone,† he replied with much arrogance. â€Å"How rude that is!† Dad exclaimed, â€Å"Don’t you know you are bugging others in the line?† â€Å"No, I don’t!† He shouted at dad, â€Å"I’ll move, just go, I know I don’t have to stay here forever. Hey Jimmy, did you find the damned phone?† This time he shouted at his kid. The signal had already turned red again. My dad wanted to end the situation without any quarrel. But he looked annoyed, and this annoyed me. I wanted to punch that man right in his face. He really wanted some lesson. But I kept silent, and let my dad talk. â€Å"Hey man,† Dad said loudly this time, â€Å"I won’t allow you to be rude to me. Move your car right now. I’m getting late.† Everyone was giving horns and shouting at us to move. I could see all other drivers staring at us. The man had found his phone by then. He gave us a wave with his hand with a look as if trying to tell us to shut up. I heard him say, â€Å"Piss off, you old man!†... I could see all other drivers staring at us. The man had found his phone by then. He gave us a wave with his hand with a look as if trying to tell us to shut up. I heard him say, â€Å"Piss off, you old man!† That infuriated my dad, but I held his arm and told him not to indulge in quarrel. I could sense him getting furious. The man turned his ignition on, and moved away with a jerk staring at us which was even more exasperating. We, at once, got into our cars and moved away from the scene to unblock the traffic behind us. We, then, talked about road sense and driving tips. I could see that my dad was trying to make me learn how to be conscious on road. Although this experience was a bad one, but it left a big positive impact on me, since I found out how important driving sense could be. I decided to learn more about driving and road sense, and to be respectful to people I met on road. There was a lesson for me in this experience. I learned that, it is a very unmannerly thing to annoy other drivers on road, especially on signals. No driver should look hither and thither, looking for lost things, eating food, reading magazines, talking on cell phones, quarreling with other passengers, or doing things that distract him from concentrating upon driving. Hence, to ensure peaceful driving, drivers must stick to the indispensable dos and don’ts of driving, if they want to keep others and themselves safe and courteous. Safety of others is just as important as our own safety on road. This lesson was something that I learnt from the overall experience that day, and that has continued to make me a good driver since then. I would suggest the audience to drive positive lessons and impacts from any negative event that they encounter.

The affect of in circle group on turnover intention in Saudi Arabia Research Proposal - 1

The affect of in circle group on turnover intention in Saudi Arabia Business - Research Proposal Example The private sector therefore needs to evolve effective mechanisms of reducing high turnover of Saudi nationals by exploiting the various perspectives of guanxi, the Chinese relationship-building phenomenon within the LMX approach. Globalization has significantly changed the dynamics of social structure and provided businesses with socio-cultural diversity that is indeed diverse in its application of ideas, ideologies and competencies across people coming from different race, culture, color and nationality. As such the role of HRM is crucial in creating a diverse workforce whose competencies are judiciously exploited for increasing organizational productivity (Gillham, Wood & Somerville, 2007). In the transforming societal norms, the managerial leadership has emerged as vital issue that significantly influences the employees’ turnover and performance. As such, investigating the role of leadership in predicting employees’ behavior and workplace commitment becomes an important issue for studying its impact on employees’ turnover (Gilly et al., 2009). The research would therefore investigate the impact of in-circle group on employees’ turnover using guanxi as independent variable in LM X approach within the industries/ business of the private sector in Saudi Arabia. In the current environment of highly volatile market conditions and rapid globalization, the organizational change is unavoidable and necessitates changes in the organizational structure, policies and operations (Kotter & Schlesinger, 2008; Hodgson, 2009). The workforce becomes critical ingredient in the organizational change processes as they are the key facilitators for implementing these changes for higher performance outcome (George & Jones, 2005). The on-going relationship between the managerial leadership and the workforce becomes the major stimulant of mutual exchange that encourages workers to adopt changes to meet new challenges (Lee, 2008). Consequently, the role

Chemical Warfare :: essays research papers

Chemical warfare What is Chemical Warfare: To understand chemical warfare you must first understand what a chemical agent is. A United Nations report from 1969 defines chemical warfare agents as " ... chemical substances, whether gaseous, liquid or solid, which might be employed because of their direct toxic effects on man, animals and plants ... ". This means basically that any chemical that is used to directly effect and harm a person, plant, or animal would be an act of chemical warfare. Some commonly confused Chemical Agents: Agents such as napalm and phosphorus are not considered to be Chemical agents since they achieve their effect mainly through thermal energy. Certain types of smoke screen may be poisonous in extremely high concentrations but smoke ammunition is not classified as a chemical weapon since the poisonous effect is not the main reason for their use. Another common misconception is that biological agents such as viruses or microorganisms (small pox etc.) are considered a chemical agent, but this is not the case. Effects of chemical agents and biological agents may be similar but they different in production. Chemical agents are created and biological agents are found naturally in nature or cultured for use. Different types of Chemical agents: Nerve Agents: Source: A FOA Briefing Book on Chemical Weapons Nerve agents acquired their name because they affect the transmission of nerve impulses in the nervous system. They are stable, easily spread, highly toxic and have rapid effects when absorbed through the skin and respiratory track. Nerve agents can be manufactured by means of fairly simple chemical techniques. The materials are inexpensive and generally readily available. It was not until the early 1930's that German chemists discovered the effects of certain phosphorus compounds to be toxic. Two years later a phosphorus compound with extremely high toxicity was produced for the first time. This phosphorus compound, given the name tabun, was one the first substances later referred to as nerve agents. Physical and chemical properties The most important nerve agents included in modern arsenals are: „h Tabun, O-ethyl dimethylamidophosphorylcyanide, This nerve agent is the easiest to manufacture. Therefore, it is more likely that developing countries start their arsenal with this nerve agent „h Sarin, isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate, a toxic substance mainly afflicting the respiratory system. „h Soman, pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate, a moderately toxic substance which can be taken up by inhalation or skin contact. „h Cyclohexyl methylphosphonofluoridate, a gas or Liquid substance with low volatility which is taken up through skin contact and inhalation of the substance

Religion and Homosexuality in the United States Essay

I.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Introduction Religion-led moral crusades are not novelties in American history. The abolitionist movement, for instance, originated from religious teachings about freedom and equality among all human beings. Early education reforms and laws barring commercial business on Sundays also had similar foundations (Walzer 4). In the early 20th century, the temperance movement agitated for a prohibition on sales of alcohol due to religious beliefs about the evils of liquor. In the 1960s, black churches and religious leaders took the lead in the struggle for equality for African-Americans (Walzer 5). Since the late 1960s, however, conservative Christian denominations have increasingly become the voice of religion-based moral fervor in the United States. The 1973 Supreme Court decision in Roe v. Wade, which legalized abortion, is generally acknowledged as the root cause of this phenomenon. Many right-wing Christian organizations held the aforementioned ruling responsible for the prevalence of premarital sex, easier access to birth control, decriminalized abortion, homosexuality and no-fault divorce laws. They believed that for a sound and healthy society to take place, these social â€Å"evils† must be stopped (Walzer 5). Fundamentalist Christians considered homosexuality to be the most dangerous among the above-mentioned social â€Å"evils.† This is because the sexual orientation and behavior of homosexuals â€Å"(clash) with the moral and religious teachings of the Bible† (Walzer 5). Simply put, homosexuals are â€Å"immoral† for the reason that their gender and lifestyle deviates from the Judeo-Christian principle of sexual relations as a means of procreation. They must therefore be denied any venues in which they could â€Å"spread† their â€Å"immorality,† such as gay civil rights (Walzer 5). The conflict between faith and homosexuality in the US eventually divided Christians between those who regarded homosexuality as a morality issue and those who viewed homosexuality as a social justice issue that both society and organized religion must address instead of ignore (Dawkins 290). This research paper will utilize the Marxist theoretical frameworks of dialectical and historical materialism. Dialectical materialism is based on the argument that history is defined by an endless struggle between different social classes. Historical materialism, meanwhile, asserts that the present state of a given society can be explained and understood by studying its past (Boobbyer 142). These theoretical frameworks are applied to the research paper through the study of the histories of gay civil rights and church-state relations in the US. To prove the thesis, the researcher will conduct a critical analysis of current government statistics or research data that are related to the topic. Qualitative descriptions of relevant government policies or research data will likewise be carried out. II.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Data and Data Analysis Conservative Christian denominations often attack homosexuality by warning the public about the increasing number of homosexuals in the US. As they are operating on the premise that homosexuals are â€Å"immoral,† these religious groups would therefore claim that the rise in homosexuality would translate to an increase in social â€Å"evils† such as HIV/AIDS and pedophilia. They would further drive this point home to audiences by bombarding them with related statistics from â€Å"reputable† sources. In the end, bigotry and homophobia are reinforced among the addressees. Recent statistics do show an increase in homosexuality in the US from previous decades. The 1994 National Health and Social Life Survey (NHSLS) showed that an estimated 4.3 million Americans (2.8 million men and 1.5 million women) identified themselves as â€Å"homosexual or bisexual† (Sprigg 78). In addition, about 1.4 million Americans (0.9% of men and 0.4% of women) were exclusively engaged in same-sex relationships since age 18 (Sprigg 78). By 2000, according to the Washington, D.C.-based gay rights organization Human Rights Campaign (HRC), the gay and lesbian population in the US reached about 10,456,405. Data from the 2000 US Census, meanwhile, revealed that the number of same-sex couples in the country rose to 601,209 from 145,130 in 1990 (Burda 1). But the aforementioned figures are misleading. The institutions that produced these statistics do not have a clear idea of what constitutes â€Å"homosexuality,† â€Å"bisexuality† and â€Å"same-sex relationships.† Numerous studies on human sexual behavior have proven that it is possible for human beings of the same sex to engage in sexual activities regardless of sexual orientation. The term â€Å"homoerotic behavior† refers to same-sex sexual behavior that is performed for reasons that do not include homosexuality. Possible motivations for homoerotic behavior are identity crisis, exploration, same-sex bonding, glorification of maleness or femaleness and lack of opposite-sex partners (Turner 158). Mistaking homoerotic behavior for homosexuality is dangerous, as doing so has detrimental effects to both homosexuals and society in general. Positive qualities that could grow out of same-sex bonding, like caring, intimacy and nurturance, are suppressed and undervalued because such traits are associated with homosexuality (Abramson and Pinkerton 239). Furthermore, negative gender stereotypes are reinforced. â€Å"Masculinity† is linked with emotional detachment and superficial forms of socialization such as drinking, smoking and gambling. â€Å"Femininity,† on the other hand, is connected to submissiveness and lack of initiative. Experts have long debunked the â€Å"connection† between homosexuality, HIV/AIDS and pedophilia. It is true that HIV/AIDS was initially called the â€Å"gay cancer† because majority of its first victims were homosexual men. But this does not mean that HIV/AIDS is a disease that is restricted to homosexuals or that homosexuals alone are responsible for its spread. HIV/AIDS is spread by behavior and not by sexual orientation. A heterosexual who practices unsafe sex is just as prone to the disease as a homosexual who has a similar lifestyle. It is also not true that homosexuals are more prone to pedophilia than heterosexuals. As a matter of fact, about 90% of sexual abuse on children was committed by heterosexual men. A 1994 study that was published in the journal Pediatrics revealed that out of 296 cases of child sexual abuse, there were only two in which the perpetrator was a homosexual. Moreover, a heterosexual partner of a close relative of the child was the alleged offender in about 82% of the said cases (Moe 70). Apart from baseless and damaging myths, another assault that Christian fundamentalists carry out on homosexuality is the elimination of gay civil rights. Proposition 8, passed in California’s general elections on November 4, 2008, was a constitutional amendment that prohibited same-sex marriage in the state. Catholic and Mormon organizations overwhelmingly supported the proposition, arguing that same-sex marriage threatened the sanctity of marriage and the family. These groups were likewise concerned that allowing same-sex marriage to remain legal in California would deprive children of the right to have a â€Å"normal† family – one that was composed of a father and a mother (Kuruvila n. pag.). The enactment of Proposition 8 is ironic, considering that one of the largest and most active homosexual communities is based in San Francisco. There were already about 18,000 same-sex couples who got married in California just four months prior to the passage of Proposition 8 (Garrison, DiMassa and Paddock n. pag.). The proposition would thus force the state’s homosexual couples to get married in one of the five remaining US states where same-sex marriage is legal – Maine, Connecticut, Iowa, Massachusetts and Vermont (Montanaro n. pag.). Although Proposition 8 won 52% of votes (The Huffington Post n. pag.), some of California’s leaders are questioning its legality. The Democrat-controlled state Legislature, for instance, argued that the Constitution cannot be revised by a mere majority vote – it would strip the minority group of their constitutionally protected right. At present, California’s Supreme Court is dealing with a series of lawsuits that involve the contention of Proposition 8 (Ewers n. pag.). III.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Findings Even if the US Constitution clearly stated that there is an official separation between church and state, American society remains to be a â€Å"deeply religious polity† (Walzer 5). Simply put, American society is a democracy that continues to be heavily based on religious doctrine. This phenomenon is a legacy of the country’s colonial past – the first whites that came to the US were members of spiritual communities fleeing religious persecution in England. Consequently, the Founding Fathers declared that the US would not have an official state religion. All citizens were allowed to worship as they pleased and to openly propagate their faiths (Walzer 5). But this did not mean that the debate about the role of religion in American life has ended. The leaders of the US in its formative years were overwhelmingly of Christian faith. Thus, it became inevitable that the legislative and judicial philosophies of American society were founded on Christian principles. The Founding Fathers, for instance, believed that despite the absence of an official religion, the US should be a â€Å"Christian nation whose morality should be reflective of Christian values† (Walzer 4). It is true that many Christian denominations were responsible for instigating much-needed social changes in various parts of American history. But as American society became increasingly pluralistic in the succeeding centuries, the need for more secularism in its major institutions emerged. This dilemma resulted in a conflict between conservative Christian denominations and a Christian populace that was slowly becoming tolerant of behaviors that were used to be considered as deviant, such as homosexuality. In the process, certain aspects of the societal and legal discussions of gay civil rights were negatively affected (Walzer 6). Although judges are supposed to be neutral interpreters of the law, personal experiences (including religious training and beliefs) still shape their perspectives both consciously and unconsciously (Walzer 6). Indeed, Christian fundamentalist groups are notorious for their attempts to hinder the passage of or weaken laws that promote homosexual rights (Walzer 7). In the name of religion, conservative Christian organizations will not think twice about harassing homosexuals and gay rights associations, as well as interfere with the creation and enactment of gay civil rights laws. It is no longer surprising, therefore, if legal rights for homosexuals such as same-sex marriage, protection from workplace discrimination and adoption by gay parents were attained only in the recent decades. Pastor Fred Phelps of the Westboro Baptist Church is an example of how far fundamentalist Christians could go just to prove their homophobic stance. He once organized a picket at the funeral of homosexual rights activist Coretta Scott King, proclaiming that her soul would be punished in hell due to her advocacy. Since 1991, Phelps has reportedly organized 22,000 anti-homosexual demonstrations in the US, Canada, Jordan and Iraq. These protest marches of his often displayed homophobic slogans such as â€Å"THANK GOD FOR AIDS† (Dawkins 291).   IV.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Conclusion Conservative Christian denominations in the US were unprepared for the increasingly liberal atmosphere of American society. They therefore harshly criticized everything that was associated with it, particularly homosexuality. For Christian fundamentalists, homosexuals were â€Å"immoral† because they do not comply with the Judeo-Christian principle of sexual relations as a means of procreation. Such a way of thinking eventually spawned all forms of harassment against homosexuals, such as damaging and baseless myths, deceptive statistics and laws that hinder the enactment of gay civil rights. It would be impossible for the US to claim that it is a Christianity-based democracy when homophobia is rampant in its turf. Homophobia can be eliminated from the country by educating people regarding the myths and the facts surrounding homosexuality. Stiffer penalties for and stricter implementation of laws against hate crimes would also help. As long as people are discriminated upon for any reason other than involvement in criminal activity, there can be no such thing as a free or just society.

Why Do Afro-American People Dominate in US Sports

Why Do Afro-American People Dominate in US Sports? Usually, when the question is about who is a better sportsman – a white or black one – people tend to prefer the latter one. Why so? To talk about the racial differences (physical and cultural) it is important to say that in the past it was all about the discrimination excuses. Nowadays, the dominancy of black sportsmen is no wonder anymore, but still this aspect makes people think what the reason of black dominancy is. Nevertheless, the majority of scientists in the United States of America are not really concerned with the study of the white black people’s physical differences. However, the black athletes’ obvious superiority brings up two main questions – are they really better than the athletes with white skin? If it is true, then why is it so? O.J. Simpson, for example, has no doubts concerning the racial differences that he has surveyed. According to his words, black athletes are built in a little bit different way. They have longer legs, skinnier calves, which means they were created for speed and, as we know, in the majority of kinds of sport the speed factor is a crucial one. Joe Morgan has also said some words about the differences between blacks and whites. In accordance to his ideas, the main difference between these people lies in the psychological reasons. That is why black people have better speed and agility. For such sports like basketball, baseball and football those features are of number one importance. The black athletes are definitely superior in such situations. It seems like they were created to be able to do more things than the rest. For example, they have no equals in basketball jumping note (65 % of NBA players are Afro-American). To my mind, the main reason why black sportsmen are superior over the rest lies in the fact that they are naturally more capable of endurance and if to talk about numbers, there’s 80% of physiological factor and 20% of sociological, which makes them faster, stronger and better sportsmen!